"PERSAMAAN KEBUDAYAAN RAS MELANESIA DI NUSANTARA"
"Persamaan Kebudayaan Ras Melanesia Di Nusantara"
Name : Wawan Laway
Nim : 19041184088
Clas : IKOM A 2019
Mapel : Bahasa Inggris
Mapel : Bahasa Inggris
I am forced to make this article because there are many questions that often arise among the public and also students, the questions are as follows. Papua is Maluku, NTT is in Papua, why are eastern Indonesians black, Papua New Guinea is Indonesia, is Papua part of Indonesia, the cultural similarities of Papua New Guinea and Papua Indonesia,
In Indonesia, Melanesians have an important role in the history of the colonial movement. A number of national heroes from Melanesia recorded include Johannes Latuharhary, Martha Christina Tiahahu, Thomas Matulessy or Pattumura, Frans Seda, Johanes Leimena, Frans Kaisiepo and many more.
"Melanesia? What is that? What does Malaysia mean? "
The word Melanesia may be unfamiliar to the Indonesian people, especially on the islands of Sumatra, Kalimantan, Java, Bali, Sulawesi and West Nusa Tenggara, which are generally classified as Mongoloid. But this is not the case for some eastern regions of Indonesia, especially the regions of East Nusa Tenggara, Papua, West Papua, Maluku and North Maluku. Unfortunately, Melanesia is less popular than the East Indonesian people.
Melanesia itself, is actually not limited to the region mentioned divatas. If it moves eastward, Melanesia stretches from the islands of Maluku to the islands of Fiji. In general, the Melanesian race is a race that has dark skin, curly hair, large and strong skeletal bones and has an athletic body profile.
Melanesian concept
The concept of Melanesia as a different region came from European explorers when conducting an expedition to explore the Pacific. In 1756 Charles de Brosses theorized that there were black people who inhabited the Pacific region. In 1825 Jean Baptiste Bory de Saint-Vincent and Jules Dumont d'Urville identified them as Melanesians which referred to a different set of races from the inhabitants of the surrounding area such as the Australian and Neptune races.
Over time, Europeans increasingly see Melanesia as a group of people who have different cultures, no longer just different races and regions. In the 19th century, Robert Codrington, a British missionary produced a series of monographs on Melanesians based on the length of time they lived in the area.
In his works such as The Melanesian Languages (1885) and The Melanesians: Studies in Their Anthropology and Folk-lore (1891), Codrington defines Melanesia including the regions of Vanuatu, Solomon Islands, New Caledonia and Fiji. The New Guinea region was later included in Melanesia in the next study by anthropology researchers.
Research by Jonathan Friedlaender of Temple University said, "The first settlers in Australia, New Guinea and the big islands from the east arrived between 50,000 and 30,000 years ago, when Neanderthals were still roaming the mainland of Europe."
The original inhabitants of the island group now called Melanesia are also likely to be ancestors of the Papuan people. Migrating from Southeast Asia, they appear to have occupied these islands eastward to the Solomon Islands, including Makira and possibly smaller islands further east.
The period afterwards, from the direction of the west lane, in these modern regions entered the Southeast Asian region and the east lane through what is now called Taiwan, came another wave of migration from the Mongoloid race. They began migrating around 5000 to 2500 BC and settled in these areas.
The meeting with the Mongoloid race in the area was later referred to as the Austronesians with Melanesians. The period of interaction then results in many complex changes in genetics, language and culture. The discovery of various relic artifacts is also evidence of the process of meeting two major races at the time.
As quoted from Mongabay, South Sulawesi Archaeological Heritage and Preservation Agency (BP3), Rustan explained, the Mongoloid race which settled and flourished in South Sulawesi and most of the archipelago. The Melanesians, from Sulawesi then shifted to the eastern part of Indonesia, towards Papua to the Polynesian islands. "So there is a point where Melanosia and Mongoloid meet. Maybe on the eastern islands. " he said again.
Melanesian identity at this time
Prehistoric times until history passes, cultural alkulturation and interaction until mixed marriages take place. Until finally the Indonesian state stood with most of Melanesia in the eastern region. Melanesian identity seems not to be clearly introduced on school benches. They were only identified as Eastern Indonesians.
Until finally the collective consciousness began to develop. The Melanesian Cultural Festival for the first time was held in Indonesia as host in October 2015. As quoted by Antara, the Director General of Culture Ministry of Education and Culture Kacung Marijan said, Indonesia was chosen because of the few.
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